Strain Theory by Robert Merton | An Analysis

Strain Theory by Robert Merton | An Analysis In criminology, the strain hypothesis depicts social structures inside society that may bolster individuals to do wrongdoing. Following crafted by Emile Durkheim, Strain Theories have been bolstered by Robert King Merton, Albert K. Cohen, Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin, Robert Agnew, and Steven Messner and Richard Rosenfeld. Strain might be either: Auxiliary: this applies to the techniques at the network level which separate and effect how one adjudicators their necessities, for example on the off chance that particular social controls are deficient or there is minimal guideline, this may modify the people viewpoint as to techniques and possibilities; or Singular: This term speaks to the threatening vibe and boundaries looked by people as they search for approaches to satisfy their necessities or wants, for example on the off chance that the standards of a general public become critical to an individual, in certainty achieving them may turn out to be more huge than the techniques. The History of Strain Theory Strain hypothesis was made from crafted by Durkheim and Merton and got from the hypothesis of anomie. Durkheim focused on the decrease of cultural control and the strain that was caused at the individual level, and Merton broke down the social association that is available between the individual and the measures of society. Anomie can be part into two separate levels. The first of these levels is the large scale side of anomie, which is evident in the limit of society to build up limitations on cultural standards and objectives, and at last control a people lead. The small scale side of anomie, additionally called as strain hypothesis, is centered around the intentions basic the greater likelihood of abnormality that collects from the breakdown of society. As per this miniaturized scale side of anomie, the decrease in cultural controls creates more want to perform freak activities (Agnew Passas, 1997:2-3). Agnew and Passas (1997) managed the likenesses between the large scale level of anomie and control hypothesis; in any case, they asserted that the miniaturized scale level hypothesis of strain ought to be decided in a particular manner not the same as the control hypothesis. Agnew (1992:48) additionally differentiated and contrasted strain hypothesis with control hypothesis and social learning hypothesis. The hypotheses change in the sort of social connections that they stress and the inspirations on which they are set up. The control hypothesis depends on the thought that the breakdown of society liberates the person to complete wrongdoing; strain hypothesis is inspired on the strain that is put on the individual to do wrongdoing (Agnew, 1992). Social learning hypothesis is established on the basics from a gathering that realize a productive or positive perspective on wrongdoing (Agnew, 1992). As per strain hypothesis, singular abnormality is made because of negative treatment from others, and this causes outrage and dissatisfaction (Agnew, 1997a). Control hypothesis, however, is established on the absence of huge associations with non-degenerate others, for example family, church, and social learning hypothesis depends on positive cooperations with other that are viewed as degenerate. (Agnew, 1992). The engaging quality of strain/anomie hypothesis started in the late 1960s attributable to the need of information introduced by investigators and the political and social condition of the decade (Agnew Passas, 1997). The absence of supporting proof can be because of numerous lacks in the first strategies utilized by the experts (Agnew Passas, 1997). Speculation of the hypothesis and an obliviousness of the previous modifications caused an assortment of work that misshaped the first meaning of anomie/strain hypothesis (Agnew Passas, 1997). Along with these insufficiencies, present day scholars have guaranteed that observational proof in truth bolsters the hypothesis (Agnew, Cullen, Burton, Evans, Gregory 1996). Mertons Strain Theory: Economic Goals, Educational Means Delinquency Throughout the entire existence of present day criminology, not many hypotheses have understood the effect of Mertons (1983) hypothesis of strain and aberrance. It has withstood 50 years regardless of a sizeable measure of writing contradicted to its hypothetical premise. Frustration with its experimental check, then again, has made many dispose of it as a potential clarification for wrongdoing (Hirschi, 1969; Johnson, 1979; Kornhauser, 1978). Taking into account the way that the strain hypothesis consolidates both mental and basic record for wrongdoing, its excusal would be a basic misfortune to criminology. Along with hesitations about the hugeness of social class in the introduction of wrongdoing, the forswearing of Mertons hypothesis of basically instigated strain could make a common move toward speculations of individual conduct lacking auxiliary setting. The authentic noteworthiness and one of a kind commitment of strain hypothesis merits a reevaluation before its last dismissal. Mertons unique clarification of strain was scrutinized for its hypothetical vulnerability (Cohen, 1955; Lindesmith Gagnon, 1964). For example, Merton gave instances of abnormality maybe connected with various techniques for alteration in spite of the fact that he didn't offer any announcements in regards to the strategies by which each versatile strategy may affect different wrongdoing results (Clinard, 1964a). The outcomes of this kind of dubiousness are clear in preliminaries for the examination of strain impacts on adolescent misconduct. The hypothesis seems to imply that development causes utilitarian sorts of misconduct despite the fact that doesn't state whether strain explains basic sorts of adolescent wrongdoing for instance damage or individual violations of a non-utilitarian character (Gibbons Jones, 1975; Thio, 1975). The hypothesis is suggested regarding whether strain ought to anticipate wrongdoing pervasiveness or recurrence or both, or basic against non-basic sorts. Akers operationalization of Agnews hypothesis: Sources of strain Akers (2000) has operationalized Agnews rendition of the Strain Theory, as follows: Inability to accomplish decidedly esteemed objectives: the hole among desires and real accomplishments will get from short-and long haul individual objectives, and a portion of those objectives will never be acknowledged as a result of unavoidable conditions including both innate shortcomings and openings hindered by others; and the distinction between the perspective on what an individual accepts the result ought to be and what really results builds individual frustration. Dissatisfaction isn't really because of any outside obstruction with esteemed objectives, however an immediate impact on outrage, and effectsly affects genuine wrongdoing and animosity. Agnew and White (1992) have delivered exact proof proposing that general strain hypothesis was decidedly ready to relate delinquents and medication clients, and that the most grounded impact on the delinquents examined was the wrongdoing of their companions. They were keen on tranquilize use since it didn't seem to speak to an ende avor to coordinate resentment or break torment, however is utilized fundamentally to deal with the negative influence brought about by strain. Up to this stage, strain hypothesis had been connected with sorts of strain instead of wellsprings of strain while the pressure of ones environmental factors can be appeared to include with the desires for just and reasonable outcomes. These might be significant occasions or minor problems that development and debilitate after some time. Dissatisfaction causes disillusionment, sharpness, and outrage all the feelings typically connected with strain in criminology. It is typical for people to feel torment when they are denied reasonable remunerations for their endeavors, particularly when estimated against the undertakings and pay given to others for comparable outcomes. Agnew (1992) manages outrage as the most unequivocal feeling as it is quite often pointed outwards and is commonly connected to breakdowns seeing someone. Study shows that the pressure/wrongdoing relationship appears to hold paying little heed to blame feelings, age, and ability to manage when occasions occur at the sa me time or in close succession. Robert Agnew In 1992, Agnew kept up that strain hypothesis could be crucial in portraying wrongdoing and abnormality, anyway that it required survey with the goal that it was not appended to social class or social measures; notwithstanding, re-concentrated on self norms. He mapped out a general strain hypothesis that is neither auxiliary nor relational; be that as it may, enthusiastic and inspired on a people direct societal position. He guaranteed that a people concrete or foreseen inability to acknowledge decidedly esteemed destinations, genuine or anticipated evacuation of constructive qualities, and real or foreseen introduction of antagonistic inspiration all outcomes in strain. Strain shows up from negative associations with others. In the event that people are not managed in the manner that they envision or need to be managed, they will lose their trust in the job others play for accomplishing objectives. Outrage and frustration bolster unconstructive connections. This will for the most part include increasingly uneven activity since there will be an intrinsic wish to keep away from undesirable dismissals, supporting progressively broad separation. In the event that particular dismissals are general emotions that the circumstance is out of line or unreasonable, more grounded and progressively adverse sentiments may motivate the individual to participate in wrongdoing. This is particularly valid for more youthful individuals, and Agnew suggested that review focus on the general , cash, length, and gathering of such upsetting occasions to see if an individual arrangement with strain in a crook or consistent way. He particularly discovered disposition, knowle dge, factors relational aptitudes, relationship with criminal friends and moderate social help significant variables of self-adequacy. Robert Dubin Dubin (1959) made a decision about abnormality as an assignment of society, contesting the theory that the freak activity coming about because of conditions of anomie is basically harming to society. For example, an individual in the formal condition is as yet playing by the guidelines and adding to society. The main aberrance lies in disposing of at least one of its recommended goals. Dubin kept up that Mertons fixation on the associations between societys focused on destinations, and institutiona

THE BUTTERFLY EFFECT Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"Butterfly Effect† was maybe probably the best film I have ever observed. I thought that it was puzzling, intriguing and captivating. I needed to compose my response paper about â€Å"Butterfly Effect† in light of the likeness to the film we found in class called â€Å"Donnie Darko†. The two movies examine the issue of predetermination completely. Both film had a male character that has recollections, dreams or power outages which make them from the outset befuddled. However, later on, they understood the force they have so as to change their predetermination. The fundamental contrast between those two movies is their endings. While Donnie Darko has an awful consummation, Butterfly impact closes progressively hopeful. We can say the finish of the film in â€Å"butterfly effect† is left to the crowd to decipher. Additionally Donnie Darko had the opportunity travel once however the principle character Evan had the opportunity travel a few times. The two movies dazzled me much and changed my view about predetermination. However, the explanation I expound on ‘’ Butterfly Effect† is that it was more practical than â€Å"Donnie Darko†. (Hare) While watching the film my anticipation level was consistently at the top. A few focuses were kept mysterious and opposing till the finish of the film. At the main scenes in Film, it is somewhat difficult to comprehend what's going on, yet later on, the story can be see without any problem. Toward the starting we know only that the principle character Evan is living with his mother and has a terrible adolescence with loaded with missing recollections and power outages. He begun to get mental treatment right a... THE BUTTERFLY EFFECT Essay - papers investigate papers â€Å"Butterfly Effect† was maybe perhaps the best film I have ever observed. I thought that it was strange, intriguing and interesting. I needed to compose my response paper about â€Å"Butterfly Effect† as a result of the closeness to the film we found in class called â€Å"Donnie Darko†. The two movies explore the issue of fate completely. Both film had a male character that has recollections, dreams or power outages which make them from the start befuddled. Be that as it may, later on, they understood the force they have so as to change their fate. The fundamental distinction between those two movies is their endings. While Donnie Darko has an awful consummation, Butterfly impact closes progressively idealistic. We can say the finish of the film in â€Å"butterfly effect† is left to the crowd to decipher. Likewise Donnie Darko had the opportunity travel once however the primary character Evan had the opportunity travel a few times. The two movies dazzl ed me much and changed my view about predetermination. In any case, the explanation I expound on ‘’ Butterfly Effect† is that it was more practical than â€Å"Donnie Darko†. (Hare) While watching the film my anticipation level was consistently at the top. A few focuses were kept enchanted and opposing till the finish of the film. At the main scenes in Film, it is somewhat difficult to comprehend what's going on, however later on, the story can be see without any problem. Toward the starting we know only that the primary character Evan is living with his mother and has an awful adolescence with loaded with missing recollections and power outages. He begun to get mental treatment right a...

Mark Zuckerberg Visits MIT

Mark Zuckerberg Visits MIT In the time Ive been at MIT, weve had some interesting characters pass through the tute Obama, Bill Gates, will.i.am, and Lady Gaga  have all made appearances during my time at MIT because of some sort of collaboration with people here. Its neat-o business, folks. And as of last Monday, we got to add Mark Zuckerberg, co-founder and current CEO of Facebook, to that weird, weird group of people. After finding out that my name had been drawn for the lottery to see him and  Mike Schroepfer (VP of Engineering) have a discussion with our chancellor Eric Grimson, I packed up my FlipCam, skipped my Monday afternoon class, and biked on over to the auditorium. And just for you guys, I got some footage of his talk. Sorry in advance for all the shakiness. Here is ~10 minutes from the 1 hour talk: (Now let me just preface my $0.02 that Im about to spill by saying that I am by no means and expert in anything related to business, internet policy, legal stuff, technology, society, OKAY LETS BE REAL IM NOT AN EXPERT IN ANYTHING.) Things Elizabeth Learned From Attending Mark Zuckerbergs Talk:   Why he was here in the first place I actually didnt know, and no one else seemed to know, either. He had a random press conference in the morning. Then we all realized that he was here to basically recruit people to work for Facebook. I guess thatd be cool if I wasnt a n00b. So, sorry Mark. Cant help you out, but Rachel  can! There are some people who make it big because they are ridiculously, ridiculously brilliant, relentless and special. Then there are some people who make it big because they are pretty smart but ridiculously, ridiculously lucky. Zuckmeister seems to fall into the latter category. How Elizabeth Felt After Hearing Mark Zuckerbergs Talk: Significantly more terrified of the internet, technology and the world than I ever was before. Now, you might be thinking, Hold up, echoe you got to see Mark Zuckerberg the youngest billionaire in the world, the founder of Facebook talk. Wasnt that SO cool?! And my response is yes, there was definitely some degree of novelty to his visit, but at the same time it made me soberingly-aware of how much we rely on technology despite its gaping holes. I dont mean to take jabs at Zuckerbergs intellect or anything (and Im certainly not the one to judge, as I am one of the n00biest coders round these parts), but my general impression of the guy was that he is sort of aloof and unaware of the power and influence that he holds and that he has a lot of [dare I say more competent] people working for him while he gets to enjoy being the celebrity of the company. There are many things I admire about him, sure, but at the same time I couldnt help but take in some of the things he said and the way he downplayed a lot of issues with a sinking sense of horror. Take, for instance, the way he r esponds to the question about privacy issues at the end of the video there are serious repercussions to the way Facebook has handled their privacy policies, yet he simply spun it off as a Oh, were this company and we make mistakes but overall things are going okay and were learning from them sort of deal. Right after I stopped taping, he actually talked about how different pre-Facebook and current culture are in tolerating people mistakes that because with Facebook, you run the risk of posting pictures or things that you might regret later on, its and this is a direct quote Making the world more forgiving and understanding and more empathetic. Whaa? The thing that was so unsettling for me wasnt the stuff about sharing embarrassing photos with potential employers, it was the sharing of more personal information to, say, advertisers (or other, similar parties). Zuckerberg talked about the future of the platform as it could incorporate into things outside of social networking, like the health care system, in which case I foresee a lot more hell breaking loose. It was overall a very bizarre experience as I realized that the worlds youngest billionaire is a kid. Hes a kid. He makes and has made mistakes that impacted a lot of people because although he is a very smart kid, he didnt really know how to play fair (or play at all) in an adults world at the beginning. He didnt know how to run a company, but he also really lucked out in that it seems hes found himself a very good support staff. Who knows where all of this technology is going to go in the future? Alls I know is, being at MIT and being surrounded by cutting-edge technology a ll the time, there are three things I want to have when I grow up and start a career: Courage Perspective Humility (Luck would also be really, really nice.) What are your thoughts?

Is Capital Punishment A Cruel And Unusual Fate - 1853 Words

Is capital punishment a cruel and unusual fate or is it a necessary form of justice? Capital punishment is also referred to as the death penalty. The death penalty is a form of action taken by the court of law where a guilty conviction means you pay with your life. Being an American citizen, I believe that we live in the freest country on earth and have a right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. However, in our pledge of allegiance it states that we also have justice for all. So, is the death penalty the ultimate justice or is it seeking vengeance through bloodshed? Honestly, there are many valid points on both sides of the argument that is why it is such a controversial topic. Our country is one of 57 worldwide that†¦show more content†¦Now that we collectively as a society have grown in intelligence we realize that killing someone because they believe and act differently than you isn’t right. It also clearly states in the bible that an ‘ey e for an eye’ meaning that if someone has done you wrong you may take revenge. Regardless on your religious beliefs the bible is still the most influential book throughout history and remains so today, many people get their morals from it. I’m not saying I blame people for wanting justice to be served when people commit unspeakable crimes but I do believe there are ways of punishing people for the wrong doings they do without adding to the body count. Unfortunately, once someone passes on from this world there is no returning, taking another life won’t bring someone back from the dead it just releases a primal instinct one that we are trying to elevate ourselves from. Probably one of the most valid points in arguing for the use of capital punishment is justice for the families. I couldn’t imagine waking up to a phone call or knock on the door saying that my family member has been murdered by someone and won’t return. Even the thought of that m akes me angry to begin with. I know my first thoughts would be to end the life that took one that was innocent. Blind rage and anger make you have irrational feelings that demand action but it is called ‘blind’ rage because that is simply blind. I realize that people would argue my feelings would be completelyShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is The Most Common Method Of Execution For Criminals800 Words   |  4 Pagescourses through your veins. Your time on Earth is about to end and you prepare yourself for this fate, bracing for the first of three drugs that will end your life. As you turn to look upon your loved ones for a final time, you realize you can’t: the leather straps around your head prevent you from seeing your family members, who stare at you through the small window and wait for you to die. This fate, although fictional for you, is a very real experience for people who die by lethal injection, theRead MoreCapital Punishment Should Be Eliminated 1342 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment should be eliminated in America The European influence on America gave way to the similarities between our cultures, including the death penalty. The first recorded execution in America was that of Captain Kendall in Virginia in 1608. Kendall was executed for being a spy, but at that the time capital punishment was used even for minor crimes. Fast forward 150 years to the Abolitionist Movement and we see Cesare Beccaria post an essay in 1767 declaring the state has no right toRead MoreCapital Punishment Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment In my opinion capital punishment is wrong. The death penalty is the center of much debate in society. This is due, in part, to the fact that people see only the act of killing a criminal, and not the social effects the death penalty has on society as a whole. Upon reading about the death penalty, it was found to be an unethical practice. It promotes a violent and inhumane society in which killing is considered okay. Since there are alternatives, the death penalty should be abolishedRead More The Use of Capital Punishment in America Essay1432 Words   |  6 PagesThe Use of Capital Punishment in America The use of capital punishment in the U.S. is a growing concern for most American citizens. According to statistics, seventy percent of Americans are in support of the death penalty, while only thirty percent are against it. These statistics show that few people are against capital punishment (â€Å"Fact† 1). With the use of the death penalty growing the controversy is becoming more heated. With only twelve states left not enforcing it the resistance is becomingRead MoreThe Death Penalty Of Capital Punishment1480 Words   |  6 Pagessystem, such as the death penalty. Capital punishment has been used many times in history all around the world, and it was quite popular. Many people argue that capital punishment is useful in deterring crime and that it is only fair that criminals receive death as punishment for a heinous crime. On the contrary, others see the death penalty as a violation of the 8th amendment. It restricts excessive fines, and it also does not allow cruel and unu sual punishment to be inflicted upon criminals. AlthoughRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Required Essay1717 Words   |  7 PagesCapital Punishment The 14th Amendment states that excessive bail should not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted. If this is stated in our Constitution, why is it that 31 out of the 50 states in the USA enable the death penalty? The answer to that is beyond me because, in my opinion, no state should allow capital punishment for the simple reason that it is a form of cruel punishment. Because of this and many other reasons that I will bring up, I believeRead MoreCapital Punishment Is Not So Easy Way Out892 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment a not so easy way out. Is showing the country that killing people is wrong by killing other people the right way to do it? Capital Punishment is a legal form of justice in 31 states of USA. This sentence consist in taking the life of the accused individuals as a punishment for committing atrocious crimes such as murder, rape and child abuse. Not only capital punishment is morally and ethically wrong, Capital punishment also violates our constitutional rights, it also takes theRead More Death Penalty Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pagescriminal execution by the electric chair, one of the various methods of capital punishment, otherwise known as the death penalty. The sentence of death has long been an accepted form of justice, yet today, capital punishment has remained a hotly debated issue. Some believe this punishment to be cruel and unusual and therefore violating the United States Constitution, while in reality the death penalty is fair and just punishment for murder and other extremely violent crimes. With these clashing viewpointsRead MoreArgumentative Essay On The Death Penalty1112 Words   |  5 Pagespenalty is defined as the punishment of execution, administered to someone who has committed a terrible crime (Capital Punishment 1). This is also known as capital punishment, which is known for disregarding the human rights. Although many countries continue to enforce the death penalty, some countries think it should not be practiced. According to the United States, the death penalty continues to be a charged and controversial political and legal issue(Capital Punishment 1). In addition to, the deathRead MoreThe Debate Over Capital Punishment1183 Words   |  5 Pagesinhumane, and cruel. The other half believing it is morally just and constitutional. Those thinking it is cruel want capital punishment abolished. The others want to see it revised and maintained. Capital punishment is being sentenced to death and executed for committing various crimes. Usually, it is reserved for convicted murder cases, but had been used for others such as: armed robbery, kidnapping, rape, and treason. Only about sixty countries still use capital punishment – the United States

The Importance of Setting in The Awakening Essay - 2206 Words

The Importance of Setting in The Awakening Setting is a key element in Chopins novel, The Awakening To the novels main character, Edna Pontellier, house is not home. Edna was not herself when enclosed behind the walls of the Pontellier mansion. Instead, she was another person entirely-- someone she would like to forget. Similarly, Edna takes on a different identity in her vacation setting in Grand Isle, in her independent home in New Orleans, and in just about every other environment that she inhabits. In fact, Edna seems to drift from setting to setting in the novel, never really finding her true self - until the end of the novel. Chopin seems highly concerned with this question throughout her†¦show more content†¦The voice of the sea speaks to the soul. The touch of the sea is sensuous, enfolding the body in its soft, close embrace (Ch. 6, p. 13). As Chopin writes, the sea is the place where Edna can truly look within herself in order to find out what lies beneath her socially constructed faà §ade. Whether she ever does find her true self is another question. It is difficult to define Ednas self because it never seems to emerge at any point in the novel. Chopin presents us with Ednas identity problems early on: Mrs. Pontellier was not a woman given to confidences, a characteristic hitherto contrary to her nature. Even as a child, she had lived her own small life all within herself. At a very early period she had apprehended instinctively the dual life-that outward existence which conforms, the inward life which questions (Ch. 7, p. 13). The novels abrupt and tragic ending (coincidentally on Grand Isle) puts an immediate halt to Ednas pursuit to answer those very questions. She does begin to slowly uncover small snippets of her lifes true value in different settings throughout the novel and therefore begins to stake a claim for an identity. For example, it is on Grand Isle that Edna learns to swim-- a moment of complete liberation and discovery of her self, or at least a some facet of identity: But that night she was like the little tottering, stumbling, clutching child, who all of a suddenShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Setting and Symbols in The Awakening by Kate Chopin1014 Words   |  5 Pagesparrots to the meadow in Kentucky, symbols and settings in The Awakening are prominent and provide a deeper meaning than the text does alone. Throughout The Awakening by Kate Chopin, symbols and setting recur representing Edna’s current progress in her awakening. The reader can interpret these and see a timeline of Edna’s changes and turmoil as she undergoes her changes and awakening. The setting Edna is in directly affects her temperament and awakening: Grand Isle provides her with a sense of freedom;Read MoreThe Awakening : Evaluating The Core Values Of The Nineteenth Century1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe Awakening: Evaluating The Core Values of the Nineteenth Century In Kate Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, the main protagonist Edna Pontellier exists as the embodiment of the feminist ideas that stand as outliers in the midst of the more traditional nineteenth century beliefs. Set in 1899 near the end of this generation, Chopin’s work explores the shared attitudes of most of the novel’s cast as they respond to Edna’s search for independence and freedom, an action that challenges her conservativeRead MoreJonathan Edwards And The Great Awakening1080 Words   |  5 Pagesand Jonathan Edwards sparked a religious shift and revitalisation known as the Great Awakening. Edwards, influenced by enlightenment thinkers Berkeley and Locke, pioneered ideas and practices that would reshape the protestant church and American society. Jonathan Edwards transformed the religious and ideological landscape of the American public because of his large scale influence and role in the Great Awakening. Jonathan Edwards had a large scale influence on American society because of his personalRead MoreSong of Solomon by Tony Morrison1810 Words   |  7 Pagesturn realizes that flight represents liberation from a life of restrictions, set in an era of racism and separation. Flight may seem as a positive solution to such a life of problems and discrimination, however, holds very negative aspects in family settings. Abandoning your own and severing those mutual bonds plays a significant role in the life of the loved ones left behind. Most are left recovering from their loss, or completely lose hope such as Hagar. Solomon leaving his wife Ryna and children behindRead MoreMajor Works Data Sheet: the Awakening by Kate Chopin1444 Words   |  6 PagesIB English HL Major Works Data Sheet: The Awakening | | |Author: Kate Chopin Year of publication: 1899 | | | | Read MoreSinners in the Hands of an Angry God by Jonathan Edwards1780 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† was written by theologian Jonathan Edwards and is considered to be one of the most famous of all sermons because it is a common topic of debate for many people (who are in a religious setting). But, I am compelled to consider that there could be more to Edwards’ legacy and purpose than meets the eye. Jonathan Edwards was the son of a minister and a highly intelligent, willful mother (Griffin, 2007). Edwards was known for being an intellectual and profoundRead MoreJonathan Edwards Stressed Emotion To Much As Proof Of Phebes Conversion Essay1164 Words   |  5 PagesGod wanted, or to teach her. Children can relate to this and start their Christian walk off right. Overall by using feeling in his book he was able to relate to everybody and making it understandable to them, even for fellow Christians, or the ones setting on the fence. Christians might find Phebe s emotional conversion more understandable. Also giving the time period feeling and emotion was beginning to be what people were turning to. The second reason that Jonathan Edwards did not stress to muchRead MorePersonal Statement Of The Problem1144 Words   |  5 PagesStatement of the Problem Introduction Imagine for a moment, awakening everyday and being told by everyone around you, that you were born to fail- that you are nothing and that no matter what you do or what you say, you will mess up. How may believing that you can not succeed at anything impact your daily performance? Now in contrast, imagine awakening daily and being told by everyone around you that you were born to thrive and to succeed- that you were born for an amazing purpose, and that you canRead More Importance of Water in The Awakening Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of Water in The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚   Kate Chopins The Awakening begins set in Grande Isle which is the summer get-away for a few families of New Orleans upper-class. It is a community of cottages owned by the Lebrun family. Edna Pontellier and her husband Leonce summer there with there two children. This is the setting where Edna also develops a close relationship with Robert Lebrun. He is one of Madame Lebruns sons who helps her run the cottages for the Pontelliers and theRead MoreThe Gothic Theme of Edgar Allen Poes Work1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough the catalyst of disassociation and subversion of presence. Gothic literature utilises themes of the supernatural to create a brooding setting and an atmosphere of fear. The Gothic dimensions of Poe’s fictional world offered him a way to explore the human mind in extreme situations, and so arriving at an essential truth. The Gothic theme of the importance of the intuitive and emotional and the rejection of the rational and intellectual is prevalent throughout The Raven, The Black Cat, and The

Introduction Floyd Free Essays

Defines communication competence as communicating in means that are effective and appropriate in a given situation. Practitioners of competent communication can be observed to share several common characteristics. I will attempt to surface 4 of these characteristics, with specific references made to Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction Floyd or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ian Low, flogger of The Silver Chef. Self-Awareness Self-awareness is defined as the awareness of how an individual’s behavior affects others (Floyd, 2010). An effective communicator must be aware of his individuality and behavior and how others may be affected by his behavior, more specifically, whether it fits within the situation as well as social setting. Emotional intelligence would therefore be key and would allow an Individual to better comprehend the social behaviors and emotions of others, and In turn, translate Into competent communication. The Silver Chef blob was started in 2010 whereas 2 of the blobs he listed in his post, started a year after that in 2011. Despite being a more established food flogger, he demonstrates self-awareness in his posts and refrains from harboring on this fact. If he had, readers may not find his opinions to be credible. Adaptability This trait is defined as one’s ability to modify one’s own behavior to better suit a changing situation. A competent communicator must be able to adapt to changes in social settings and modify his own behavior appropriately. With reference to the blob, Mr. Low had previously posted a Top 5 Singapore Food Blob when he first started out as a food flogger. However, after 3 years of blobbing and galling more experience within the food community, Mr. Low Is adaptable enough to make a similar post, demonstrating adaptability as a communicator. Cognitive Complexity Being able to understand a given situation in multiple ways defines cognitive complexity (Floyd, 2010). To better understand what Is occurring In a specific situation, It Is Important for an Individual to be aware of the different perspectives. This would prevent him from misjudging what is going on in the said situation, leading to inappropriate responses. In his post, Mr. Low highlighted several aspects of The Dirty Stall such as short descriptions, simple cooking and infrequent blob posts. It would be easy to misconceive these facts and describe â€Å"alkaline† as lazy but Mr. Low demonstrates s a flogger who priorities quality over quantity. Ethics Floyd (2010) defines ethics as a set of ideas that guides us in deciding what is right or wrong. Fair treatment of others and honest communication are examples of ethical communication but cultural plurality may complicate one’s understanding of ethical communication due to cultural differences. In his blob, Mr. Low demonstrated this when he admitted to not having met flogger â€Å"alkaline† in person before and that â€Å"alkaline† does not blob as often. It would have been easy to omit these facts to lend more credibility to his post but instead, he cited to mention this fact. 494 words Question 2 The communication process possesses several key characteristics that would define it as being dynamic in nature. Apart from being irreversible, multi-dimensional and inevitable, communication is also transactional. Transactional communication involves simultaneous initiation and interpretation of messages by communicators (Dobbin Pace, 2006). When an individual initiates a message, the initiator will look for feedback from other communicators. The initiator will then adapt his messages to the changing situation. This implies that communication can be a continuously changing process and that people may modify their behavior and messages throughout the process. With reference to the article, â€Å"1 in 2 Singapore residents do not have a close friend from another race: survey’, I will attempt to provide examples to show how messages are coded and decoded effectively, or otherwise, to help me better understand the news reported in the article. Encoding and decoding of messages In the process of communication, encoding and decoding are two processes that enable communicators to initiate and interpret messages (Dobbin Pace, 2006). Encoding is further defined as the initiation and creation of messages that enables a communicator to translate feelings, ideas and thoughts into symbols. Decoding refers to the interpretation of messages by deciphering symbols into comprehensible and meaningful feelings, ideas and thoughts by communicators. Effective coding and decoding Ideally, when messages are interpreted in the way they were meant to be conveyed, coding and decoding leads to shared meaning by communicators. This results in successful communication as the symbols would be meaningful and recognizable by Example 1 (Effective coding of article) Within the article, sub-headlines such as â€Å"No inter-racial and religious tension in Singapore† effectively summarizes the following paragraph into an easy-to- comprehend sentence. Effective coding of the article such as this, contributes to the effective decoding of the article by readers. Example 2 (Effective coding and decoding of postings) User Karl commented â€Å"the Divide and Conquer tactics deployed sure works, isn’t it? Who is behind all this thing? † in reply to a post by another user Suffering Singapore. In reply User Suffering Singapore posted I was having that in mind and wanted to add to my posting but I thought that I should hear from others posters who share the same thoughts YES the divisive policies in the name of ethnic integration have created the reverse effect. What do you think? † In this example, Karl had effectively encoded his opinion that a â€Å"Divide and Conquer† strategy had been implemented leading to the problem previously highlighted by Suffering Singapore. This was then effectively decoded by Suffering Singapore, leading to shared meaning of the topic they were both discussing. Ineffective coding and decoding When messages are ineffectively coded and/or decoded, this could lead to the miscommunication as messages are misinterpreted. Example 1 (Ineffective encoding of article) When decoding the article’s headline, communicators might misinterpret the article as focusing on an existing racial divide in Singapore. In trying to sensationalist the article to boost readership, the writer may not have effectively encoded the actual content of the article, which highlights several positives found in the survey. A reader may Jump to conclusions, assume the worst and let his opinions and feelings known n a post. Example 2 (Ineffective decoding of article) The article features a survey carried out with Singapore Residents on the state of racial and religious harmony in Singapore and focuses on several indicators such as inter-racial tension, discrimination and openness to embracing diversity. Several users have misinterpreted this article and user â€Å"BRB† in particular, commented the article as being racist in nature. The user posted â€Å"Wow.. This article is Just racist.. Why will my bestrides need to be of community something we never really thought much of or cared!.. â€Å" How to cite Introduction Floyd, Papers

In August of 1971 a psychology... free essay sample

In August of 1971 a psychology professor at Stanford University by the name of Philip Zimbardo conducted an experiment along with a team of researchers which explored the psychological effects of being a prisoner or prison guard. They took 24 like-minded male students and randomly gave them the role of either a prisoner or a prison guard. The experiment was initially expected to last 7-14 days but because of the overwhelming results of the experiment, it was cut off after only 6 days. The guards were torturing and humiliating the prisoners, both physically and verbally to an atrocious extent. The results of this experiment are very similar to, and perhaps can even explain in part, the events of William Goldings Lord of the Flies . After Jack is given power, much like the guards in the experiment, he abuses it by ordering around the other boys and by stealing and harassing Piggy, Ralph and Simon both physically and mentally. We will write a custom essay sample on In August of 1971 a psychology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This leads to the deaths of both Piggy and Simon and the attempted murder of Ralph. The power that is given to both the individuals in Lord of the Flies and the individuals in the prison experiment allow them to do things that wouldnt have happened under the circumstances of their normal lives. It was found that even Zimbardo himself got dragged into the experiment due to his position of power. He acted as a prison warden of sorts and although he could clearly see the abuse that was going on, it took a third party observer to put an end to the experiment. This is similar Lord of the Flies where it took the arrival of the naval officer to stop the violence that was happening on the island. The Stanford prison experiment gave people a glimpse into the atrocious actions that innocent men are capable of, much like how the boys in Lord of the Flies are portrayed in the novel. They both show that even the most innocent of human beings are capable of evil when put into the right circumsta nces. The evil inside of us can be controlled; many times it can be stopped. It can appear in insignificant and little ways but when people do not control it, the beast really comes out. For example you can see in this quote that evil or the beast is slowly showing. Roger stooped, picked up a stone, aimed, and threw it at Henry- threw it to miss. The stone, that token of preposterous time, bounced five yards to Henrys right and fell in the water. Roger gathered a handful of stones and began to throw them. (Golding, 62). In the quote above, you can see that Roger, the character that started throwing rocks into the beach and to the little boy, Henry, wasnt throwing rocks to him to hit him but he was throwing and it was dangerous. Here is the point where you see that Roger is a psychopath and has sudden urges to do something dangerous or kill. Roger, in his case didnt control the beast inside him and it was only a matter of time for it to come out. What started as throwing rocks at someone and trying to miss ended up as killing various characters like for example, Piggy and sharpening a stick at both ends to perform another kill.People might say that there are people too good to become evil. They say that they dont have what it takes to become evil, they might even say that they know themselves and they would never become violent and do the things the boys in Lord of the Flies did, or in other examples, what the soldiers in Abu Ghrabi did, or even in the Stanford Prison Experiment. I know everyone say s that they dont believe themselves to do that, but I do not think that they are in this types of situations. I think that people cant say what they think if they have not been in this situations. You need to get in the shoes of the other person to see it for yourself. How can you be so sure there is not even a bit of evil inside of you? There is a beast inside all of us, and sooner or later, it may come out. It may not come out at all, but if you are not careful it may come out, so how do you know you wont change and turn evil? Every person in this universe has evil inside of him or her. Even though most of the people dont believe they have it in them in any second it could change without you even noticing it. Evil could be controlled, but once it is out you could have some trouble keeping it inside. Everyone has a beast inside of us. Everyone has evil inside of them. Everyone can change in a second and become a different person. It is just a matter of the right circumstances for the evil inside of us to explode. So my final thought or question is, what will you do to keep the beast inside of you in?

Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf Essay Example

Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf Essay In Mrs. Dalloway, the character of Clarissa Dalloway, is a downer at times.The novel is captivating, and often uplifting to me asa reader. In the novel, Clarissa Dalloway constantly struggles with balancing her inner self with the external world (life). Clarissa shows a struggle with finding ways to communicate, and yearning for the privacy she, so desperately wants. Constantly doubting her decisions that have shaped her life, Clarissa constantly wishes that she could live life again. While walking through the streets of London, on Clarissa’s journey to buy flowers at a flower shop, Clarissa’s starts to have the anxiety of everyday life.This is the beginning of Clarissa’s regrets, her doubts and the reasoning for her wishing she could live life again. We may be fooled at first when Clarissa Dalloway, comes off early on in the novel,from the opening line, that she is an independent, and strong women. â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself† (Mrs. Dalloway, Pg. 3).Clarissa Dalloway, used her glamorous parties, being the perfect hostess and dressing up as a way to hide her true self. She was an insecure woman on the inside, who doubted herself and everyone surrounding her. Women in today’s society, the post-modern time such as myself have felt the same deep emotions as the character of Clarissa, walking down the streets in London reflecting on her past and doubting her decisions in life. We will write a custom essay sample on Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The enjoyment and many examples of Clarissa’s love for the flowers and breathing in the sweet smell of them, the jangling noise of cars and street vendors, and the air blowing over her skin, while walking through the beautiful streets of London, are uplifting and brings back memories of events in her life. Clarissa longs to be young again, and it’s obvious as she goes back and fourth recalling memories of her youth and her love for two men, Peter, and Richard.Clarissa fears what every woman in today’s socie

Stuck in the Middle Essays - English-language Films, Films

Stuck in the Middle Essays - English-language Films, Films Stuck in the Middle Films Stuck in the Middle Joe Egan and Gerry Rafferty were a duo known as Stealers Wheel when they recorded a Dylanesque pop hit, "Stuck in the Middle With You", in April of 1974. The single reached number five on the charts - little did they know that eighteen years later it would become a cult favorite. In 1992 Quentin Tarantino, a little known writer/director, took the Cannes film festival and the world by surprise with his motion picture Reservoir Dogs. The movie is about the difficulties that occur when five "master" criminals are hired by a crime king pin named Joe to pull off the biggest diamond heist of the century. Stuck right in the middle of the movie, the Egan/Rafferty hit is played as a introduction to one of the best or worst torture seens ever in the history of movies. It depends on how you look at it. I'll set-up the scene in the movie where it is being played, try and follow me... The five criminals hired go by color-coded names . During the heist the cops show and things got out of control. Two of the robbers were shot and killed after Mr. Blonde, the "on the edge" gangster started shooting up the place when an employee triggered the alarm. Mr. White and Mr. Orange (an undercover cop) escaped the scene and headed for the hideout where all the men were supposed to meet. On the way to the hideout Mr. Orange was shot, he was bleeding severely but the injury was not life threatening. Shortly after their arrival, Mr. Pink met with them and they all anxiousley waited for Mr. Blonde. Mr. Blonde, acting cool and unaffected by the mornings events, made his entrance. After being questioned by Mr. White about why he went psycho in the store, Mr. Blonde called them out to see a "surprise" he had in his trunk. Mr. Blonde in an effort to find out how the police heard about the robbery in advance had kidnapped a police officer. They carried the man into the warehouse and after tying him to a chair Mr. White and Mr. Pink commenced beating the hell out of him. They Asked him to tell how the police knew of the heist, he said he knew nothing and after beating on him some more, Nice Guy Eddie came in. He was Joe's son and told Mr. White and Mr. Pink that they would have to come with him to ditch the cars. Mr. Blonde was told to stay and keep an eye on the cop and the injured Mr. Orange. My idea is that the following scene was written by Director Tarantino choreographed to the song by Stealers Wheel. Rather than the norm where a scene is written and the music is picked thereafter. As I describe the scene I will give the lyrics to the song and show how they correspond to the characters actions in the scene. Mr. Blonde starts talking to the cop, who still insists he knows nothing. The lyrics to the song begin; keep in mind that I am suggesting that the words are what the cop is thinking. Well I don't know why I came here tonight. I got the feeling that something ain't right. I'm so scared in case I fall off my chair, and I'm wondering how I'll get down the stairs. Clowns to the left of me, Jokers to the right... Here I am stuck in the middle with you. The words being sung tell us that the cop is wondering how he got into this situation, he knows something is up, and he is scared that he may not be able to make it through the rest of this torturous interrogation alive. The clowns are his fellow officers who allowed the situation to get so out of control, and the jokers are Mr. White and Mr. Pink. And now he is stuck in the middle of this whole ordeal with the most cynical, evil, and hardest criminal of the bunch....Mr. Blonde. Yes I'm stuck in the middle with you and I'm wondering what it is I should do It's so hard to keep this smile from my face cause I'm and I'm all over the place (chorus) These are the lines that justify what I am saying the most. He is wondering what he should do, he knows that Mr. Orange is a cop and if he were to mention it to Mr. Blonde it may save his life. It is an internal conflict

Suicide Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Suicide - Research Paper Example Sixty-seven percent of sample population (n=20) reported maximum suicide attempts among people in the age group of 15-25, 19% (n=5) was in the 25-35 range. Suicide attempts among the other age groups, i.e., 5-15 and above 35 was relatively low at 7% each. Secondly, almost half of the sample population reported maximum suicide attempts among females, at 47% (n=14), followed by men at 30% (n=9). About 17% of the psychiatrists reported equal number of suicide cases from both genders. Thirdly, about 53% (n=16) reported that their patients who had attempted suicide had used either pills or unspecified drugs as the method. About 27% (n=8) had attempted poisonous substances. However, there were cases using other methods of suicide attempts too. An assessment of reasons for committing suicide highlighted social pressures (30%) and failure in relationships (30%) as the most common ones. Other reasons like family and economic conditions were also reported. The most common impact of suicide attempts was greater depression, reported by almost 74% of the psychiatrists. This could probably be due to stigma and fear of facing the society and family members. Fear and avenging behavior have also been noticed. Increased attachment towards family was reported by few psychiatrists. The outcome of the survey pointed that depression leading to suicide was more common among adolescent females. This survey indicates that suicides attempts were reported maximum among the girls between the age group of 15-25 years, as this is the age where female face a lot of problems and pressure from school, university, their economic condition, love failures or their general hormonal changes, and even sexual harassments. Reasons for attempts of suicide can be attributed to their level of maturity and ability to handle their own growing emotions towards new relationships. Clash of sociocultural expectations and adolescent

(1)Explain and evaluate Platos epistemological position or Essay

(1)Explain and evaluate Platos epistemological position or - Essay Example Many philosophers regard experience and reason as the basis of knowledge. Reason and experience as ways of identifying knowledge commonly referred as rationalism and empiricism. A rational philosopher deems that, knowledges basis is on self-evidence and principles. Knowledge that does not rely on sense of experience is priori while knowledge that relies on experience posteriori. Plato is an example of a rationalist because he believes that sense experience does not provide people with certainty whether what they experience is true. He deems that, the information people receive by relying on sense is unreliable because it changes constantly. The unchanging forms or principles are what Plato believes to be thinking or reasoning (Bobonich 15). When an individual has an opinion founded on undoubted principles, then he has a strong foundation of the opinion. This foundation helps individuals to take a belief to be more than an opinion and makes people identify a belief to be true. When individuals believe something is true, then this is knowledge. For individuals to gain the knowledge they ought to surpass the changing flux of the physical world and hold a rational permanent order behind the world. The grasping of a rational permanent order is an intellectual functioning of the mind, and in its purest form there is formal (Brandwood 25). The intellectual act can only take place when there are innate ideas that have a foundation. Knowing normally assumes the definition as the process of making the observable world intelligible through relating it to the external order of the truth. Plato defines the changing world and materials as the realm of forms. He argues that physical objects are real if only they are intelligible, but they can only be intelligent in unchanging terms. What makes something to be intelligible cannot be constantly changing; hence, it being unrecognizable to be that thing. It is therefore; correct to say that a

A Study On Ancient Egyptian Religion History Essay

A Study On Ancient Egyptian Religion History Essay Religion played a very significant role in Ancient Egypt. Their religion was greatly inspired by custom and tradition. The Ancient Egyptians possessed a complex and intricate religion. Their main aim throughout their history was to emulate the conditions which they believed has existed at the dawn of creation. (Rosalie, 1988) Ancient Egyptian includes many religious beliefs and rituals performed in Ancient Egypt beyond 3,000 years. The religious beliefs centered on the worship of numerous deities who signified various features of ideas, nature and purposes of power, articulated by the ways of complicated and many archetypes. Ancient Egyptians were polytheists and worshipped literally hundreds of different gods, including their pharaohs, all of whom were believed to be gods in the form of men. The deities were worshipped with offerings and prayers, in family and home shrines including in temples which are administered by priests. Egypt never had a rational hierarchy because different gods were superior at different periods of time in Egyptian history and also the myths related with them changed over time. Nevertheless, religion of Ancient Egypt is recognized or learned prominently by people around the globe. Egyptians believed that the temple with premises as the actual home of the god. They performed their daily rituals by preparing a statue which they considered as their actual deity. The most important ritual was performed during the sunrise. They perform another ritual during the mid-day and the last one when the sun goes down. Before the dawn the temple area is filled with priests, temple servants are seen preparing offerings of food, drinks and flowers. Everyone who was to come into the attendance of the ritual had to be purified. Meanwhile in a room outside of the sanctum, only pharaoh and high priests were allowed where the offerings were set out. The offerings included incense burning and chanting of prayers by priests and priestess. At the same moment as the sun reaches above the horizon, the face of the god was to unseal. This represented the rebirth of the sun as incarnated in the statue. The statue was to wash, perfume, apply make-up and dress in clean clothing. The conclusi on of the ritual includes the high priest anointing the forehead of the statue with scented oil which affirms that the statue has been instilled with existence of the deity. The high priest seals the door of the sanctum and sweeps away his foot prints leaving no trace. Through their ritual and purifying of god, it was said that that the god will protect the two lands which were Upper and Lower Egypt. Religion has been described as a belief in and an admiration for supernatural powers regarded as creator and ruler of the universe. Egyptian religion encompasses their ancient gods, the mythology and other aspects of the religion such as creation, death and the afterlife. However, there are undoubtedly more complications to the religion, such as how the king played into this structure of religion, and ethical beliefs concerning what the god are expected of humans. The Egyptians had many tales regarding how the world started. According to one legend, it started with an ocean in darkness. Then a mound of dry land rose up and the sun god Re appeared. He created light and all things. Another version has the sun God emerging from a sacred blue lotus that grew out of the mud, while a third version has him as part animal and part human. (Heller, 1999) The Egyptian Book of the Dead covers the main thoughts and views in the Ancient Egyptian religion. Egyptians dedicated much time and wealth o n preparing for survival in the next world because of their peculiar belief on afterlife. Egyptians saw death as a temporary phase in the progress to gain a healthier life in the afterlife. They believed that they could only attain their full ability after death. Each person was to possess three souls, the ka, the ba, and the akh. The whole civilization of Ancient Egypt was grounded on religion which made their beliefs very significant to them. Their belief in being born again after death became their influential strength behind their funeral practices. Egyptian religion was complex and complicate, as well as vital to many Egyptians, but their polytheistic beliefs certainly caused problems. In the role of god-kings, a lot of burden was placed on the pharaohs. They were accused for when the land did not produce well, when there were problems with other countries. The Egyptian gods were never considered by them to be personal. Egypt was governed by pharaohs and the pharaohs were given the authority at the command of the Egyptian gods. This belief was so powerful in ancient Egypt that all through the nations chaotic history various pharaohs discontinue his reign to assure the public that they has obtained the power to reign from the ancient Egyptian gods. One pharaoh, a female nonetheless, even went so far as to concoct a wild story to insure her subjects saw her as divinely appointed by Hatshepsut. (The World of the Ancient Egyptian Gods, 2008) Apart from a short period of time when pharaoh Akhenaten tried to establish a monotheistic devotion to one god but the nation was ruled by numerous different Egyptian gods and goddess. Egyptian religion was so interconnected that more focus was provided to their family members and the names of the ancient Egyptian gods name. Throughout the three thousand year period of the polytheistic religion of Egypt was encompassed of a very complicated system of Egyptian gods a nd goddesses. They were the one who studied the knowledge of both the scared mystery teachings and the religious philosophies of the times. Pharaoh appointed different high priests to perform the sacred rituals at different temple because he could not carry out ceremonies at all the temples all over Egypt. Priests often give his throne down their positions from father to son. The priests responsibilities were to supervise the gods and listen to their needs. They also carry out funeral rites, teaching school, administrating the artists and works, and counselling people on problems. The priesthood of ancient Egypt has an extensive and profound history, entrenched within the traditions of Ancient Egypt. While the pharaohs were seen as gods, the priests and priestesses were perceived as replacement for the pharaoh. The job of the priests and priestesses were considered very high in Egyptian society, as is the situation with most ideally based societies. The spiritual characteristics of the priests and priestesses take on a minor role because the aspect of attaining the ethical and basic needs of the Egyptians. Though there work on society served as a method to order society, to establish a hierarchy, and to conserve the culture for future generations. The role of the priests and priestesses were both practical and spiritual on both levels. A priest or priestess in ancient Egypt was normally selected by either the pharaoh, or they accomplished their position by hereditary means. The priests and priestesses who received their positions hereditarily and through the king were allowed to continue their ordinary life. As a matter of fact, such priests were made to comprise the ordinary life to keep Egyptian society working properly. However the priesthood had begun out modestly, with moderately few temples, in the following reigns the temples increased into the hundreds. For such development, a large government was required to keep the temples in good position; and ther eafter, the establishment of small priesthoods of the Egyptians grew from an estimated hundred priests into the thousands later with it came a priestly hierarchy. Priests were often alternated from position to position within the hierarchy and were combined in and out of ordinary society. This alternation method normally went that a priest would enter into temple life one month, at three times a year. This alternation system had a straight association to the often severe purity rites of the priests. Irrespective of what position the priest was, there were numerous restrictions and traditions a priest had to or could not participate in. Ancient Egyptian religion was similar to current times. Everyone does not believe in the same way, or of the same god. Ancient Egyptian followed the same rule of not following the same god. Egyptian pharaoh worshipped their own gods so did the workers, priests, merchants and farmers of Ancient Egypt. Pre-dynastic Egypt had their own way of thinking and viewpoint of a god, which was articulated in symbols and pictures; writing was invented in order to convey spiritual thoughts to the people of ancient Egypt. Egyptians influenced many people regarding religion and Egyptians are known for their devotion towards their religion and gods.

Religion and Politics in Tibet Essay -- Political

Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, is the spiritual and political leader of an ancient people without a country, and is the binding and driving force behind Tibetan nonviolent resistance and cultural rebuilding. He was born July 6, 1935, making him 69 years old. He has lived all but 15 of these 69 years in exile from his country, continually being a main reason for their survival. The Dalai Lama is now considering his successor, and plans to do so through democratic means instead of the traditional process of divination. He has also been guiding his country toward a westernized organization of government in recent years, more and more towards a greater separation of church and state. How will Tibet, a country defined by its religious fervor, survive in exile with a separation of religion and politics? The Dalai Lama and Tibet have stood together against one of the largest countries in the world for half a century. Even though Tibet has yet to regain its sovereignty, it has managed to survive and even thrive while in exile, and is slowly making small steps back toward once again ruling the Land of Snows. Tibet’s success so far is due to its unique blend of religion and politics. Their success is evident in the equality of their people, their peaceful nature, and the continued success of their resistance to China for the last 54 years. A Secular Dalai Lama The Dalai Lama is the living incarnation of the Bodhisattva of compassion, Avalokitesvara. The institution of the Dalai Lama was created by a Mongol chief, Altan Khan, in the year 1578. Altan Khan already ruled a great section of the Mongolian empire and parts of northern China when he first came in contact with Tibet. In this first meeting, Altan met t... ...lizes.† Peace Magazine. (Oct-Dec 2002): 6 Ram, Senthil. The Pragmatism in Tibetan Nonviolent Politics [online]. The Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research, June 2004 [cited 18 November 2004]. Available from the World Wide Web: (http://www.transnational.org /forum/Nonviolence/2004/Ram_pragmatismTibet.html) The Government of Tibet in Exile [online]. Available from the World Wide Web: (www.tibet.com) Thurman, Robert A. F, Kenneth Kraft. Inner Peace, World Peace: Tibet and the Monastic Army of Peace. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992. US Department of State [online]. Available from the World Wide Web: (www.state.gov) Woodward, Kenneth L. â€Å"Dalai Lama: 'My Name, My Popularity' Useful in Promoting Human Values, Harmony Among Religions; 'Next Dalai Lama Could Be Indian or European ... Even A Woman'.† Newsweek. (August 9, 1999)

You Tube Llc: Going Global by Acting Local

Case 2: YouTube Case Questions 1. Do a SWOT analysis of YouTube in India.Internal| Strengths * The site is very user-friendly and video uploads are easy * Launching a localized YouTube site that contained local promoted videos, featured videos, localized user interface * Using digital hash technology for copyrighting protection | Weaknesses * User created content is not really that popular or well crafted * Copyrighted material is not allowed to be uploaded onto the site * Only including some Indian languages and not all Indian languages on the site| External| Opportunities * Expand viewer content to include a larger age range of viewers * Customizing to local preference to attract more users * Entered into various partnerships with Indian TV networks and film produces that would suit the local taste| Threats * Competition from Google’s social networking site Orkut and local Indian portals offering local content * Local music labels in India suing YouTube * Receiving criticism from fundamentalist groups regarding its contents * Facebook, Twitter, and Flickr| 2. Assess YouTube’s growth through alliances and partnerships. YouTube has grown by forging partnerships with various companies and providing entertainment that suit the local taste and preferences of the host county. 3. Assess the company’s localizing strategy.Do you recommend that YouTube â€Å"localize† when entering other countries? YouTube India provides users with relevant content and a platform to share its unique and diverse culture and lifestyle. India was the 20th country that YouTube had launched a localized site for. I recommend that YouTube â€Å"localize† when entering other countries, because India has benefited from an entirely local experience highlighting content and functionality most desired by the Indian users. 4. What are the problems YouTube is experiencing in India? Local music labels in India had sued YouTube for hosting its product. In addition, t he site received criticism from fundamentalist groups regarding its contents.

The Effects Of Long Term Meditation Practices On The...

Abstract Substantial research has been done on the positive effects of long-term meditation practices on the promotion of cognitive functions. However, the effects of brief meditation practices have not been as thoroughly researched. Accordingly, this study will further investigate the effects of short-term mindfulness-based training (MT) on the multiple traits of attentional processing. I hypothesize that brief MT can have similar results to that of long-term practices, indicating that meta-cognition can be improved in a short period of time. This experimental study will compare a MT group, a relaxation group, and a control group—all made up of inexperienced participants—on their performance of higher-order processing of attentional tasks. We predict that the MT group will do better than the other groups on all tests administered, and that they will improve significantly compared to their previous performance. Key words: Meditation, Mindfulness, Meta-cognition, Attention Introduction Many recent studies have validated that people who have practiced mindfulness based training and/or meditation express greater cognitive flexibility. Mindfulness is a psychological state characterized by full attention to a present experience without elaboration of thought or emotional reactivity while focusing on the sensations of one’s breath and body and maintaining relaxation. Thus, MT heightens meta-cognitive processing to an extent (Austin, 1998 as found in Zeidan, Johnson,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Stress On Stress Management3217 Words   |  13 Pagessituations, using techniques to eliminate or minimize the stress, and accepting that stress is an everyday human experience can help a person better deal with the effects. 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